Solubility
A substance is soluble if it dissolves in a fluid.
The fluid (present in excess) is called the solvent and the substance dissolved in it is called the solute which together form a solution. The process of dissolving is called solvation. A solution that can not hold any more solute is said to be saturated.
The degree one substance dissolves in another is determined by its electrostatic attraction for the solvent and also the entropy change that accompanies the solvation. Some substances are soluble in alcohol which are not soluble in water.
Solvents are normally characterized as polar or nonpolar. Polar solvents will dissolve ionic compounds and covalent compounds which ionize, while nonpolar solvents will dissolve nonpolar covalent compounds. For example, ordinary table salt, an ionic compund, will dissolve in water, but not in ethanol.
Common solvents used in organic chemistry include acetone, ethanol, water, and benzene.
A liquid can be immiscible (= not soluble) with another ( e.g. water is immiscible with oil).
Referenced By
1,1,1-trichloroethane | Acrylonitrile | Alumina | Aluminium oxide | Aluminum oxide | Ammonia | Ammonium Chloride | Ammonium nitrate | Ammonium perchlorate | Arsine | Astrophyllite | Bicarbonate of soda | Biology is soil study of micro-organisms | Borax | Boric acid | Boron nitride | Calcium Carbonate | Calcium oxide | Carbon dioxide | Carbon monoxide | Carbon tetrachloride | Caustic soda | Chemicals | Chemistry | Chloroethene | Chloroform | Chloromethane | Common salt | Dichloromethane | Ethyl chloride | Ethylene oxide | Ferric Oxide | Ferrocene | Fused silica | H2O2 | Hackmanite | Halite | Hno3 | Hydrazine | Hydrochloric acid | Hydrofluoric acid | Hydrogen cyanide | Hydrogen peroxide | Hydrogen sulfide | Hydrogen sulphide | Inorganic table information | Lead (II) nitrate | Lead (II) sulfate | Lead sulfate | Lead sulphate | Magnesium hydroxide | Methyl chloride | Methylene chloride | NaCl | NaOH | Nitric acid | Nitric oxide | Nitrogen dioxide | Nitrous oxide | Perchloroethylene | Phosgene | Potasium hydroxide | Potassium carbonate | Potassium hydroxide | Potassium nitrate | Prussic acid | Quick lime | Quicklime | Rock salt | Sal-ammoniac | Sal ammoniac | Salt peter | Saltpeter | Saltpetre | Silane | Silica | Silicon dioxide | Silver nitrate | Soda ash | Sodalite | Sodium Chloride | Sodium bicarbonate | Sodium carbonate | Sodium hydroxide | Sodium hypochlorite | Sodium nitrate | Solvent 111 | Sulfur dioxide | Sulfuric acid | Sulphur dioxide | Sulphuric acid | Tetrachloroethylene | Tetrachloromethane | Titanium dioxide | Trichloroethylene | Trichlorosilane | Vinyl chloride | Washing soda
|
