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Penalty kick (soccer)
In football (soccer) a penalty kick is a free shot at goal from 12 yards out which only the goalkeeper of the defending team is allowed to try and prevent, all players other than the goalkeeper and the penalty taker must be outside the penalty area and at least 10 yards from the ball when it is kicked. The goalkeeper must remain on the goal line until the ball is played but may move from side to side, the penalty taker is not allowed to resort to tricks such as stutter steps or dummies although this rule is open to considerable interpretation by the referee. Should the goalkeeper move off his line and no goal be scored the penalty is re-taken, this rule is also often enforced slackly.
A penalty is awarded for most defensive infractions committed within the penalty area.
Penalty kicks are also frequently used to decide tied matches in elimination tournaments, in this case usually each team will take five penalties (alternating attempts) and the team scoring the most goals wins. If the teams are still tied more penalties are taken until one team gains the lead, no player is allowed to take a second penalty until all the players on his team have attempted one. This process is usually called a penalty shootout.
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