Kingdoms of Middle-earth

First Age

Realms of the Dwarves

• Moria of Durin's Folk (Longbeards) (founded at least 400 years before the rising of the Moon)
• Belegost of the Firebeards (founded at least 400 years before the Moon, but after Moria and the Great March)
• Nogrod of the Broadbeams (founded when Belegost was founded, destroyed during the War of Wrath)

Realm of the Enemy

• Dor Daedeloth (until the War of Wrath)

Realms of the Elves

Noldorin Realms

• Hithlum (founded c. 1)
  • Dor-lómin (founded c. 1, given to Men c. 400)
  • Nevrast (founded c. 1, until 104)
• Nargothrond (founded c. 50)
• Dorthonion (founded c. 1)
• Gondolin (after 104, until 511)
• March of Maedhros (founded c. 1)
• East Beleriand (founded c. 1)
  • Himlad (founded c. 1)
  • Thargelion (founded c. 1)

Sindarin Realms

• Falas (destroyed 473)
• Doriath

Avarin and Nandorin Realms

• Dorwinion
• Lórinand
• Ossiriand

Realms of the Edain (Men)

• Estolad (until c. 450)
• Dor-Lómin (inhabited by men c. 400)
• Brethil
• Ladros

Second Age

Realms of Men

• Númenor (founded 32, destroyed 3319)
• Arnor (founded 3320)
• Gondor (founded 3320)
• Umbar (founded c. 3220 by Black Númenóreans)

Realms of the Elves

Avarin and Nandorin realms

• Lórinand (after c. 1400 Lothlórien)
  • Edhellond (southern 'colony' of Lórinand)
• Dorwinion

Noldorin Realms

• Eregion (until 1697)
• Lindon

Sindarin Realms

• Greenwood the Great (of Thranduil)

Realms of the Dwarves

• Belegost (partially ruined)
• Moria

Realm of the Enemy

• Mordor

Third Age

Realms of Men

Dúnedain and allies

• Gondor
  • Dol Amroth
• Arnor (divided 861)
  • Arthedain (until 1975)
  • Cardolan (until c. 1410)
  • Rhudaur (until 1409)
• Éothéod (until 2510), afterwards:
  • Rohan
• Kingdom of Rhovanion (until 1851)
• Dale and Esgaroth (2941? onwards)

Others

• Harad
• Umbar (until c. 1015 Black Númenóreans, then from 1447–1810 and 1944 onwards Corsairs of Umbar)
• Khand
• Rhûn

Realms of the Elves

• Lindon
• Lothlórien

Realms of the Dwarves

• Moria (destroyed 1981)
• Belegost (partially ruined)
• Erebor the Lonely Mountain (founded 1999, abandoned 2210, re-established 2570, destroyed 2770, re-established 2941)
• Grey Mountains (populated 2210, abandoned 2589)
• Iron Hills (populated 2589)

Realms of the Enemy

• Mordor
• Dol Guldur
• Angmar

Fourth Age

Realms of Men

• Reunited Kingdom Gondor and Arnor
• Rohan
• Harad
• Khand
• Rhûn
• Núrnen

Realms of the Dwarves

• Iron Hills
• Glittering Caves of Aglarond
• Kingdom under the Mountain at Erebor
• Moria refounded by Durin the Last

Realms of the Elves

• Greenwood the Great
• Lórien on both sides of Anduin
• Elves of Ithilien