Hand washing
Hand washing is the act of cleansing the hands with water or other liquid, with or without the use of soap or other detergents, for the purpose of removing soil or microorganisms.
Purpose
The main purpose of washing hands is to cleanse the hands of pathogens (bacteria or viruses) and chemicals which can cause disease. This is especially important for people who handle or cook food.
Medical hand washing
To wash your hands properly in the medical setting, use generous amounts of soap and water to lather and rub each part of your hands systematically. Rub hands together with digits interlocking. If there is debris under fingernails, a bristle brush may be useful for removing these. Rinse well and wipe dry with a paper towel.
To scrub your hands for, say, a surgical operation, you need a tap you can turn on and off without touching with your hands, some chlorhexidine or iodine wash, sterile towels for drying your hands after washing, a sterile brush for scrubbing and another sterile instrument for cleaning under the fingernails. Take off all watches, rings, bangles or other accessories from the hands before proceeding. This procedure requires washing the hands up and forearms up to the elbows several times. Ensure that all parts of the hands and forearms are well scrubbed several times. When rinsing, ensure that, at all times, you do not allow water to drip back from your elbow to your hands. When done, dry your hands with the sterile cloth and proceed to don the surgical gown.
Frequency
For most people, hand washing should be performed after using the toilet, before eating and before handling or cooking food. Moisturizing lotion is recommended to keep the hands from drying out if your hands require washing more than a few times per day.
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